From the world’s hungriest country to superb star-gazing, these are the most interesting facts about the Central African Republic.
Fast facts
Official name: Central African Republic
Capital city: Bangui
Population: 5,650,957
Area: 622,984 sq km
Major languages: French, Sangho
Time zone: UTC+1 (West Africa Time)
Interesting facts about the Central African Republic
1. The Central African Republic (CAR) is a landlocked country in Central Africa. A landlocked country is completely enclosed by land with no access to the open sea.
2. The Central African Republic has been settled for at least 8,000 years. Polished flint and quartz tools have been found to be at least 8,000 years old.
3. European and Arab slave traders exploited the region throughout the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries, with tens of thousands of people forcibly removed and sent to slave markets in Egypt, Turkey, and the Atlantic coast, where they were transported to the Americas.
4. France annexed the region in the 1880s as they took control of what would become French Congo (later French Equatorial Africa). This included Ubangi-Shari (Central African Republic), Chad, Gabon and the Middle Congo (the Republic of the Congo).
5. The Central African Republic has experienced widespread instability since its independence in 1960 with multiple coups and internal conflicts.
6. The Central African Republic has seen significant violence since 2013 due to fierce clashes between armed groups. This has created over 600,000 refugees outside the country and displaced a further 600,000 people in the country.
7. The world’s second-largest rainforest, the Congolese Rainforest, is part-located in the Central African Republic. The Congolese Rainforest spans six countries: Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea and the Central African Republic.
8. According to “The New World Atlas of Artificial Night Sky Brightness”, the Central African Republic, along with Chad and Madagascar, are the countries least affected by light pollution.
9. The Central African Republic is home to the ethnic group of Pygmy people, known for their short stature – typically under five feet tall. The word “Pygmy” comes from the Greek for “dwarfish”, although Pygmys are conventionally proportioned.
10. The Central African Republic remains among the world’s poorest nations, with one of the lowest GDPs per capita (PPP). In 2025, it placed third from last globally on the Human Development Index (HDI).
11. In 2023, the Central African Republic ranked as the world’s second hungriest – or undernourished – country by the Global Hunger Index. The country was classified as “alarming” at 42.3%. It is now marked by a serious level of hunger in 2025 at 33.4%.
12. The Central African Republic has the world’s fourth-lowest life expectancy, at just 57 years.
13. The Central African Republic is among the countries with the lowest CO₂ emissions when measured by CO₂ per capita.
14. The Central African Republic flag consists of horizontal stripes of blue, white, green and yellow, all overlapped by a central red vertical stripe. The green, yellow, and red represent the pan-African colors, symbolizing the broader African identity and aspirations for unity.
See how Central African Republic’s flag compares to other African flags.
15. The Central African Republic has one of the lowest population densities in Africa, with about eight inhabitants per square kilometer.
16. The Central African Republic holds vast natural resources, including diamonds, gold, oil, timber and immense amounts of arable land and hydropower.
17. The Central African Republic is exceptionally rich in biodiversity, with many rare and endemic species, including gorillas, elephants, hippos, lions, cheetahs, leopards, rhinos, and crocodiles.
18. As of 2002, there were at least 208 mammal species, 698 bird species, and over 3,600 plant species in the Central African Republic.
19. The Central African Republic is also home to 597 identified species of butterflies.
20. The Central African Republic has one UNESCO World Heritage Site entirely within its borders, the Manovo-Gounda St Floris National Park. It is known for its wide variety of species, including rhinos, elephants, cheetahs, leopards, wild dogs, gazelles, and buffalo.
21. The Dzanga-Sangha (Dzanga-Ndoki) National Park in the Central African Republic is also part of the UNESCO-listed Sangha Trinational. The site is made up of three contiguous national parks in Cameroon, Central African Republic and Congo and is home to huge concentrations of elephants and gorillas.
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Caitriona Maria is an education writer and owner of The Facts Institute. With seven years of teaching experience and a background in educational content, she specialises in creating clear reference resources about countries, geography and global topics.